Hair-curler



F. R. MARCEL.

HAIR C'URLER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5, 1919.

Pqtented Feb. 8, 1921.

laiitl'lllf/llllllllfldf ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

FRANCOIS RENE MARGEL, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW 'YClRK.

HAIR-CURLER.

Application filed May 5,

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, FRANQOIS R. MARCEL, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the city and cultiesencountered one of which is to secure -the locks of hair on the curlerstightly. To

a great extent the permanency of the wave depends upon the tension ortautness of the hair on the curlers and the object of the presentinvention is to provide a curler on which the hair may be drawn as tautas desired, thus insuring lasting quality in the Wave set in the hair.

Another object of my invention is to providea curler by. means ofwhich'the coils of hair may be tightened near the head as well as at theouter ends of the hair.

Another object of my invention is to provide a curler of relativelyrevoluble members which can be turned in either direction and which maybe readily locked in any position against rotation in either dlrectionso that the hair may be wound right hand or left hand and it may belocked securely regardless of the direction in which 1t is wound on thecurler.

Another object of my invention is toprovide a more positive lock orclutch for holding the parts of the curler against relative rotation.Another object is to reduce the locking device to the simplest form andto eliminate movable parts and springs.

Another object is to provide a curler which can be very easilymanipulated In the drawing formlng part of this application,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved curler.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

1919. Serial No. 294,913.

Fig. 2 is an elevation thereof showing the hair wound thereon and ready.for tightenmg and L 1g.'3 is an enlarged sectional View showmg theclutch.

The curler, as stated above, is a device around which a lock of hair isto be wound or twisted. The curler shown herein comprises, primarily,two elements which are relatively revoluble. The inner member 1 I shallrefer to as a rod though it is not necessary that this should be a solidrod as it may be of tubular form if desired. I prefor however, to makethis member as a solid rod. The second or outer member comprises thetube 2 which incloses part of the rod and which is adapted to revolvefreely around the rod except when the clutch is tightened.

The tube 2 is shorter than the rod 1 and the end 3 of the rod, which isthe end nearest the head when the curler is applied,"pr'o"- jects beyondone end of the tube and 1t is slightly flattened at 4:. Any means may beemployed for securing the hair to the end 4 but I prefer the means shownherein. There is a slot 5 extending inwardly at the end 4 of the rod andslanting-somewhat toward the extreme end of the rod. This slotterminates inan-enlargement or aperture 6.

The other end of the rod or that end which projects from the tubefarthest from the head, is somewhat flattened at 7 so that the rod maybe gripped tightly at this point with a pair of pliers. 1

There is a clutch device for locking the rod and tube against rotationand it operates without a spring. The rod is tapered at 8 to form a coneshaped abutment and this terminates at a shoulder 9 with which latterthe end of the tube 2 is adapted to lie flush on the outside, so thatthe end of the rod and the tube 2 form a continuous smooth surface onthe exterior. The end of the tube is made cone shape at the end 'of thebore as shown at 10 and this is preferably done by reducing the diameterof the tube at this end.

Operation: In using the curler it is brought to a position with the end3 of the rod near the head and a lock of hair is first secured to theprojecting end 3 of the rod.

. be applied to 30 rod and the tube and in this operation the hair ma bewound to the left or to the right. i t is sometimes desirable to alter-'nate, winding one look on one curler to the left and an adjacent lock onanother curler vto the right, to obtain certain efl'ects. When the lockof hair has been wound on the curler the outer end is secured to thetube, one method being to wind a piece of string 13 tightly around thehair and curler. The device is now ready for tightening. The operatorgrasps the tube 2 with one hand and with a pair of ordinary pliers theflattened end 7 is grasped and then the rod or tube or both are-turnedto cause a relative rotation of the rod and tube. As the lock of hair issecured at one end tothe rod and at the other to the tube the relativerotation of these two members tightens the hair on the curler andsufficient force can roduce any desired degree of tautness. entheihairis sufiiciently taut and while therod and tube are still held,the tube is drawn out slightly in relation to the rod, or, vice versa,the rod is moved inwardly in relationto the tube and the cone shapedclutch members will lock together. The grip on the tube and rod may nowbe released and the curler will be clutched, with the hair under thedesired tension-or tautness. lit will be noted that the clutch will lockthe tube. and rod at any point whereas, a pawl and ratchet device willonly look at certain: intervals. It is very easy to lock the curler sothat the hair is very taut. Itwill also be noted that the curler may bereadily lockedregardless of whether the tube is turned to the right orleft, which is not so of a pawl and ratchet locking device.

Generally, an electrical heating device is placed over the curlerandlock of hair to apply heat to the latter while curled and tensioned,for a period of time sufficient to set the wave or render iii-permanent;and

1 generally a liquid is used-on the hair to sejuring' the hair; it isonly necessary to grip the tube 2 and the rod 1 and force the lattertoward the head, at; the same time giving it a slight twist. This willrelease the clutch, and thetube or rod maybe'freely revolved to unwindthe hair.

As it is possiblelto obtain and maintain the maximum tension in the hairwith the present-curler it is possible toni'ake a more permanent wavethan with the curlers heretofore used. a i

If any of the chemicals used inftheuwaving process should reach theinside oi' the curler it is only necessary to soak or boil the curler inwater to clean it and there is no mechanismto be clogged by thechemicals.

Having described my invention what it claimis; j p Y 1. A hair curleradapted to be applied near the head for the purpose of having a lock ofhair wound and tightened thereon and comprising a tube to whichthe endof the hair is adapted to be secured, a rod therein and projecting fromthe end of the tube the projecting end of said rod being adapted to havethe hair near the head secured thereto, said tube and rod beingrelatively revoluble'and having male'and female cone shapedclutchmembers adapted to lock said rod-and tube for the purpose setforth upon relative longitudinal movement of said rod and tube.

2. A hair curler adapted to beappliednear the head for the purpose ofhaving a lock of hair wound and tightened thereon and comprising a tubeto which the end oi:

the hair is adapted to be secured, a rod therein'and projecting from theend of the tube and to which-the-hair near the head is adapted to besecured, said tube and rod being relatively revoluble and movablelongitudinally, and cone shaped clutch members on said rod and tube nearthe end which is placed nearest the head and adapted'to locll'said tubeand rodagainst rotation. Y f 3. A hair curler adapted to be applied nearthe head for the purpose of having a look of hair wound and tightenedthereon and comprising a tube to which the end of the lock of hairisadapted to be secured, a rod revoluble therein,-and projecting fromthe end of the tube, a shoulder onthe projecting end of the rod, a coneshaped clutch portion adjacent said shoulder, said tube having a coneshaped clutch portion cooperating, with the clutch portion of said rodand adaptedto abut against said shoulder, said clutch portions beingadapted to lock said tube and rod against rotation.

4. A hair curler adapted to be applied near the head for the'purpose ofhaving alock of hair wound and tightened thereon and comprising a tubeto which the end of the look of hair is adapted to be secured, a rodrevoluble therein and projecting at each end of the tube, whereby thehair near the head may be secured to one end of the rod and whereby theother end of the rod may be gripped, said tube and rod havingcooperating cone shaped clutch portions adapted to be operated by arelative sliding action between the tube and rod to lock and unlock saidtube and rod. 10 Signed at the city, county. and State of New York, this28th day of April, 1919.

FRANgors RENE MARCEL.

